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      Other Programming Tools
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      <h4>
        Beyond Linux<sup>�</sup> From Scratch <span class="phrase">(System
        V</span> Edition) - Version 9.1
      </h4>
      <h3>
        Chapter&nbsp;13.&nbsp;Programming
      </h3>
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    <div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
      <h1 class="sect1">
        <a id="other-tools" name="other-tools"></a>Other Programming Tools
      </h1>
      <div class="introduction" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
        <h2 class="sect2">
          Introduction
        </h2>
        <p>
          This section is provided to show you some additional programming
          tools for which instructions have not yet been created in the book
          or for those that are not appropriate for the book. Note that these
          packages may not have been tested by the BLFS team, but their
          mention here is meant to be a convenient source of additional
          information.
        </p>
        <p class="usernotes">
          User Notes: <a class="ulink" href=
          "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/OtherProgrammingTools">http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/OtherProgrammingTools</a>
        </p>
      </div>
      <div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
        <h2 class="sect2">
          Programming Frameworks, Languages and Compilers
        </h2>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261956848" name="idm45779261956848"></a>A+
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">A+</span> is a powerful and efficient
            programming language. It is freely available under the GNU
            General Public License. It embodies a rich set of functions and
            operators, a modern graphical user interface with many widgets
            and automatic synchronization of widgets and variables,
            asynchronous execution of functions associated with variables and
            events, dynamic loading of user compiled subroutines, and many
            other features. Execution is by a rather efficient interpreter.
            <span class="application">A+</span> was created at Morgan
            Stanley. Primarily used in a computationally-intensive business
            environment, many critical applications written in <span class=
            "application">A+</span> have withstood the demands of real world
            developers over many years. Written in an interpreted language,
            <span class="application">A+</span> applications tend to be
            portable.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.aplusdev.org/">http://www.aplusdev.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.aplusdev.org/Download/index.html">http://www.aplusdev.org/Download/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261948128" name="idm45779261948128"></a>ABC
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ABC</span> is an interactive
            programming language and environment for personal computing,
            originally intended as a good replacement for BASIC. It was
            designed by first doing a task analysis of the programming task.
            <span class="application">ABC</span> is easy to learn (an hour or
            so for someone who has already programmed), and yet easy to use.
            Originally intended as a language for beginners, it has evolved
            into a powerful tool for beginners and experts alike. Some
            features of the language include: a powerful collection of only
            five data types that easily combines strong typing, yet without
            declarations, no limitations (such as max int), apart from sheer
            exhaustion of memory refinements to support top-down programming,
            nesting by indentation and programs typically are one fourth or
            one fifth the size of the equivalent Pascal or C program.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://homepages.cwi.nl/~steven/abc/">http://homepages.cwi.nl/~steven/abc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://homepages.cwi.nl/~steven/abc/implementations.html">http://homepages.cwi.nl/~steven/abc/implementations.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261941440" name="idm45779261941440"></a>ALF
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ALF</span> is a language which combines
            functional and logic programming techniques. The foundation of
            <span class="application">ALF</span> is Horn clause logic with
            equality which consists of predicates and Horn clauses for logic
            programming, and functions and equations for functional
            programming. The <span class="application">ALF</span> system is
            an efficient implementation of the combination of resolution,
            narrowing, rewriting and rejection. Similarly to Prolog,
            <span class="application">ALF</span> uses a backtracking strategy
            corresponding to a depth-first search in the derivation tree.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/systems/ALF.html">http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/systems/ALF.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/systems/ALF/">http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/systems/ALF/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261933808" name="idm45779261933808"></a>ASM
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ASM</span> is a Java bytecode
            manipulation framework. It can be used to dynamically generate
            stub classes or other proxy classes, directly in binary form, or
            to dynamically modify classes at load time, i.e., just before
            they are loaded into the Java Virtual Machine. <span class=
            "application">ASM</span> offers similar functionalities as BCEL
            or SERP, but is much smaller (33KB instead of 350KB for BCEL and
            150KB for SERP) and faster than these tools (the overhead of a
            load time class transformation is of the order of 60% with
            <span class="application">ASM</span>, 700% or more with BCEL, and
            1100% or more with SERP). Indeed <span class=
            "application">ASM</span> was designed to be used in a dynamic way
            (though it works statically as well) and was therefore designed
            and implemented to be as small and as fast as possible.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://asm.objectweb.org/">http://asm.objectweb.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://forge.objectweb.org/projects/asm/">http://forge.objectweb.org/projects/asm/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261925936" name="idm45779261925936"></a>BCPL
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">BCPL</span> is a simple typeless
            language that was designed in 1966 by Martin Richards and
            implemented for the first time at MIT in the Spring of 1967.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mr/BCPL.html">http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mr/BCPL.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mr/BCPL/">http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mr/BCPL/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261920640" name="idm45779261920640"></a>BETA
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">BETA</span> is developed within the
            Scandinavian School of object-orientation, where the first
            object-oriented language, Simula, was developed. <span class=
            "application">BETA</span> is a modern language in the Simula
            tradition. The resulting language is smaller than Simula in spite
            of being considerably more expressive. <span class=
            "application">BETA</span> is a strongly typed language like
            Simula, Eiffel and C++, with most type checking being carried out
            at compile-time. It is well known that it is not possible to
            obtain all type checking at compile time without sacrificing the
            expressiveness of the language. <span class=
            "application">BETA</span> has optimum balance between
            compile-time type checking and run-time type checking.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.daimi.au.dk/~beta/">http://www.daimi.au.dk/~beta/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp.daimi.au.dk/pub/beta/">ftp://ftp.daimi.au.dk/pub/beta/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261912720" name=
            "idm45779261912720"></a>&lt;bigwig&gt;
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">&lt;bigwig&gt;</span> is a high-level
            programming language for developing interactive Web services.
            Programs are compiled into a conglomerate of lower-level
            technologies such as C code, HTTP, HTML, JavaScript, and SSL, all
            running on top of a runtime system based on an Apache Web server
            module. It is a descendant of the Mawl project but is a
            completely new design and implementation with vastly expanded
            ambitions. The <span class="application">&lt;bigwig&gt;</span>
            language is really a collection of tiny domain-specific languages
            focusing on different aspects of interactive Web services. These
            contributing languages are held together by a C-like skeleton
            language. Thus, <span class="application">&lt;bigwig&gt;</span>
            has the look and feel of C-programs but with special data and
            control structures.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.brics.dk/bigwig/">http://www.brics.dk/bigwig/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.brics.dk/bigwig/download/">http://www.brics.dk/bigwig/download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261905424" name="idm45779261905424"></a>Bigloo
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Bigloo</span> is a Scheme
            implementation devoted to one goal: enabling Scheme based
            programming style where C(++) is usually required. <span class=
            "application">Bigloo</span> attempts to make Scheme practical by
            offering features usually presented by traditional programming
            languages but not offered by Scheme and functional programming.
            Bigloo compiles Scheme modules and delivers small and fast
            stand-alone binary executables. It enables full connections
            between Scheme and C programs, between Scheme and Java programs,
            and between Scheme and C# programs.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/fp/Bigloo/">http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/fp/Bigloo/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/fp/Bigloo/">ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/fp/Bigloo/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261899024" name="idm45779261899024"></a>C--
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">C--</span> is a portable assembly
            language that can be generated by a front end and implemented by
            any of several code generators. It serves as an interface between
            high-level compilers and retargetable, optimizing code
            generators. Authors of front ends and code generators can
            cooperate easily.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cminusminus.org/">http://www.cminusminus.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cminusminus.org/code.html">http://www.cminusminus.org/code.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261893616" name="idm45779261893616"></a>Caml
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Caml</span> is a general-purpose
            programming language, designed with program safety and
            reliability in mind. It is very expressive, yet easy to learn and
            use. <span class="application">Caml</span> supports functional,
            imperative, and object-oriented programming styles. It has been
            developed and distributed by INRIA, France's national research
            institute for computer science, since 1985. The Objective Caml
            system is the main implementation of the <span class=
            "application">Caml</span> language. It features a powerful module
            system and a full-fledged object-oriented layer. It comes with a
            native-code compiler that supports numerous architectures, for
            high performance; a bytecode compiler, for increased portability;
            and an interactive loop, for experimentation and rapid
            development.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://caml.inria.fr/">http://caml.inria.fr/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/">http://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261886352" name="idm45779261886352"></a>Ch
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Ch</span> is an embeddable C/C++
            interpreter for cross-platform scripting, shell programming,
            2D/3D plotting, numerical computing, and embedded scripting.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.softintegration.com/">http://www.softintegration.com/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.softintegration.com/products/chstandard/download/">
                  http://www.softintegration.com/products/chstandard/download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261881056" name="idm45779261881056"></a>Clean
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Clean</span> is a general purpose,
            state-of-the-art, pure and lazy functional programming language
            designed for making real-world applications. <span class=
            "application">Clean</span> is the only functional language in the
            world which offers uniqueness typing. This type system makes it
            possible in a pure functional language to incorporate destructive
            updates of arbitrary data structures (including arrays) and to
            make direct interfaces to the outside imperative world. The type
            system makes it possible to develop efficient applications.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://wiki.clean.cs.ru.nl/Clean">http://wiki.clean.cs.ru.nl/Clean</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://wiki.clean.cs.ru.nl/Download_Clean">http://wiki.clean.cs.ru.nl/Download_Clean</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261874672" name="idm45779261874672"></a>Cyclone
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Cyclone</span> is a programming
            language based on C that is safe, meaning that it rules out
            programs that have buffer overflows, dangling pointers, format
            string attacks, and so on. High-level, type-safe languages, such
            as Java, Scheme, or ML also provide safety, but they don't give
            the same control over data representations and memory management
            that C does (witness the fact that the run-time systems for these
            languages are usually written in C.) Furthermore, porting legacy
            C code to these languages or interfacing with legacy C libraries
            is a difficult and error-prone process. The goal of <span class=
            "application">Cyclone</span> is to give programmers the same
            low-level control and performance of C without sacrificing
            safety, and to make it easy to port or interface with legacy C
            code.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://cyclone.thelanguage.org/">http://cyclone.thelanguage.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://cyclone.thelanguage.org/wiki/Download/">http://cyclone.thelanguage.org/wiki/Download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261868016" name="idm45779261868016"></a>D
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">D</span> is a general purpose systems
            and applications programming language. It is a higher level
            language than C++, but retains the ability to write high
            performance code and interface directly with the operating system
            APIs and with hardware. <span class="application">D</span> is
            well suited to writing medium to large scale million line
            programs with teams of developers. It is easy to learn, provides
            many capabilities to aid the programmer, and is well suited to
            aggressive compiler optimization technology. <span class=
            "application">D</span> is not a scripting language, nor an
            interpreted language. It doesn't come with a VM, a religion, or
            an overriding philosophy. It's a practical language for practical
            programmers who need to get the job done quickly, reliably, and
            leave behind maintainable, easy to understand code. <span class=
            "application">D</span> is the culmination of decades of
            experience implementing compilers for many diverse languages, and
            attempting to construct large projects using those languages. It
            draws inspiration from those other languages (most especially
            C++) and tempers it with experience and real world practicality.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.digitalmars.com/d/">http://www.digitalmars.com/d/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp.digitalmars.com/">ftp://ftp.digitalmars.com/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261859792" name="idm45779261859792"></a>DMDScript
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">DMDScript</span> is Digital Mars'
            implementation of the ECMA 262 scripting language. Netscape's
            implementation is called JavaScript, Microsoft's implementation
            is called JScript. <span class="application">DMDScript</span> is
            much faster than other implementations, which you can verify with
            the included benchmark.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.digitalmars.com/dscript/index.html">http://www.digitalmars.com/dscript/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp.digitalmars.com/">ftp://ftp.digitalmars.com/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261853664" name="idm45779261853664"></a>DotGNU
            Portable.NET
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">DotGNU Portable.NET</span> goal is to
            build a suite of free software tools to build and execute .NET
            applications, including a C# compiler, assembler, disassembler,
            and runtime engine. While the initial target platform was
            GNU/Linux, it is also known to run under Windows, Solaris,
            NetBSD, FreeBSD, and MacOS X. The runtime engine has been tested
            on the x86, PowerPC, ARM, Sparc, PARISC, s390, Alpha, and IA-64
            processors. <span class="application">DotGNU Portable.NET</span>
            is part of the DotGNU project, built in accordance with the
            requirements of the GNU Project. DotGNU Portable.NET is focused
            on compatibility with the ECMA specifications for CLI. There are
            other projects under the DotGNU meta-project to build other
            necessary pieces of infrastructure, and to explore non-CLI
            approaches to virtual machine implementation.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gnu.org/software/dotgnu/">http://www.gnu.org/software/dotgnu/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gnu.org/software/dotgnu/pnet-packages.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/dotgnu/pnet-packages.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261847008" name="idm45779261847008"></a>Dylan
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Dylan</span> is an advanced,
            object-oriented, dynamic language which supports rapid program
            development. When needed, programs can be optimized for more
            efficient execution by supplying more type information to the
            compiler. Nearly all entities in <span class=
            "application">Dylan</span> (including functions, classes, and
            basic data types such as integers) are first class objects.
            Additionally, <span class="application">Dylan</span> supports
            multiple inheritance, polymorphism, multiple dispatch, keyword
            arguments, object introspection, macros, and many other advanced
            features... --Peter Hinely.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.opendylan.org/">http://www.opendylan.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://opendylan.org/download/index.html">http://opendylan.org/download/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261839904" name="idm45779261839904"></a>E
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">E</span> is a secure distributed
            Java-based pure-object platform and p2p scripting language. It
            has two parts: ELib and the <span class="application">E</span>
            Language. Elib provides the stuff that goes on between objects.
            As a pure-Java library, ELib provides for inter-process
            capability-secure distributed programming. Its cryptographic
            capability protocol enables mutually suspicious Java processes to
            cooperate safely, and its event-loop concurrency and promise
            pipelining enable high performance deadlock free distributed
            pure-object computing. The <span class="application">E</span>
            Language can be used to express what happens within an object. It
            provides a convenient and familiar notation for the ELib
            computational model, so you can program in one model rather than
            two. Under the covers, this notation expands into Kernel-E, a
            minimalist lambda-language much like Scheme or Smalltalk. Objects
            written in the <span class="application">E</span> language are
            only able to interact with other objects according to ELib's
            semantics, enabling object granularity intra-process security,
            including the ability to safely run untrusted mobile code (such
            as caplets).
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.erights.org/">http://www.erights.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.erights.org/download/">http://www.erights.org/download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261831632" name="idm45779261831632"></a>elastiC
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">elastiC</span> is a portable high-level
            object-oriented interpreted language with a C like syntax. Its
            main characteristics are: open source, interpreted, has portable
            bytecode compilation, dynamic typing, automatic real very fast
            garbage collection, object oriented with meta-programming support
            (a la Smalltalk), functional programming support (Scheme-like
            closures with lexical scoping, and eval-like functionality),
            hierarchical namespaces, a rich set of useful built-in types
            (dynamic arrays, dictionaries, symbols, ...), extensible with C
            (you can add functions, types, classes, methods, packages, ...),
            embeddable in C. <span class="application">elastiC</span> has
            been strongly influenced by C, Smalltalk, Scheme and Python and
            tries to merge the best characteristics of all these languages,
            while still coherently maintaining its unique personality.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.elasticworld.org/">http://www.elasticworld.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.elasticworld.org/download.html">http://www.elasticworld.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261824912" name="idm45779261824912"></a>Erlang/OTP
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Erlang/OTP</span> is a development
            environment based on Erlang. Erlang is a programming language
            which has many features more commonly associated with an
            operating system than with a programming language: concurrent
            processes, scheduling, memory management, distribution,
            networking, etc. The initial open-source Erlang release contains
            the implementation of Erlang, as well as a large part of
            Ericsson's middleware for building distributed high-availability
            systems. Erlang is characterized by the following features:
            robustness, soft real-time, hot code upgrades and incremental
            code loading.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.erlang.org/">http://www.erlang.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.erlang.org/download.html">http://www.erlang.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261819184" name="idm45779261819184"></a>Euphoria
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Euphoria</span> is a simple, flexible,
            and easy-to-learn programming language. It lets you quickly and
            easily develop programs for Windows, DOS, Linux and FreeBSD.
            Euphoria was first released in 1993. Since then Rapid Deployment
            Software has been steadily improving it with the help of a
            growing number of enthusiastic users. Although <span class=
            "application">Euphoria</span> provides subscript checking,
            uninitialized variable checking and numerous other run-time
            checks, it is extremely fast. People have used it to develop
            high-speed DOS games, Windows GUI programs, and X Window System
            programs. It is also very useful for CGI (Web-based) programming.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.rapideuphoria.com/">http://www.rapideuphoria.com/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.rapideuphoria.com/v20.htm">http://www.rapideuphoria.com/v20.htm</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261812704" name="idm45779261812704"></a>Felix
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Felix</span> is an advanced Algol like
            procedural programming language with a strong functional
            subsystem. It features ML style static typing, first class
            functions, pattern matching, garbage collection, polymorphism,
            and has built in support for high performance microthreading,
            regular expressions and context free parsing. The system provides
            a scripting harness so the language can be used like other
            scripting languages such as Python and Perl, but underneath it
            generates native code to obtain high performance. A key feature
            of the system is that it uses the C/C++ object model, and
            provides an advanced binding sublanguage to support integration
            with C/C++ at both the source and object levels, both for
            embedding C/C++ data types and functions into <span class=
            "application">Felix</span>, and for embedding <span class=
            "application">Felix</span> into existing C++ architectures. The
            <span class="application">Felix</span> compiler is written in
            Objective Caml, and generates ISO C++ which should compile on any
            platform.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://felix.sourceforge.net/">http://felix.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://felix-lang.org/$/usr/local/lib/felix/tarballs">http://felix-lang.org/$/usr/local/lib/felix/tarballs</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261804448" name="idm45779261804448"></a>ferite
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ferite</span> is a scripting language
            and engine all in one manageable chunk. It is designed to be
            easily extended in terms of API, and to be used within other
            applications making them more configurable and useful to the end
            user. It has a syntax similar to a number of other languages but
            remains clean and its own language.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.ferite.org/">http://www.ferite.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.ferite.org/download.html">http://www.ferite.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261799008" name="idm45779261799008"></a>Forth
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Forth</span> is a stack-based,
            extensible language without type-checking. It is probably best
            known for its "reverse Polish" (postfix) arithmetic notation,
            familiar to users of Hewlett-Packard calculators. <span class=
            "application">Forth</span> is a real-time programming language
            originally developed to control telescopes. <span class=
            "application">Forth</span> has many unique features and
            applications: it can compile itself into a new compiler,
            reverse-polish coding, edit time error checking and compiling
            (similar to BASIC), extremely efficient thread based language,
            can be used to debug itself, extensible; thus can become what
            ever you need it to be. The links below lead to the website of
            the Forth Interest Group (FIG), a world-wide, non-profit
            organization for education in and the promotion of the
            <span class="application">Forth</span> computer language. Another
            worthwhile website dedicated to the <span class=
            "application">Forth</span> community is <a class="ulink" href=
            "http://wiki.forthfreak.net/">http://wiki.forthfreak.net/</a>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.forth.org/">http://www.forth.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.forth.org/compilers.html">http://www.forth.org/compilers.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261789664" name="idm45779261789664"></a>GNU
            Smalltalk
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">GNU Smalltalk</span> is a free
            implementation of the Smalltalk-80 language which runs on most
            versions on Unix and, in general, everywhere you can find a
            POSIX-compliance library. An uncommon feature of it is that it is
            well-versed to scripting tasks and headless processing. See
            <a class="ulink" href=
            "http://www.gnu.org/software/smalltalk/manual/html_node/Overview.html">
            http://www.gnu.org/software/smalltalk/manual/html_node/Overview.html</a>
            for a more detailed explanation of <span class="application">GNU
            Smalltalk</span>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://smalltalk.gnu.org/">http://smalltalk.gnu.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/smalltalk/">https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/smalltalk/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261782928" name="idm45779261782928"></a>Haskell
          </h4>
          <p>
            Haskell is a computer programming language. In particular, it is
            a polymorphicly typed, lazy, purely functional language, quite
            different from most other programming languages. The language is
            named for Haskell Brooks Curry, whose work in mathematical logic
            serves as a foundation for functional languages. Haskell is based
            on lambda calculus. There are many implementations of Haskell,
            among them:
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  GHC: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.haskell.org/ghc/">http://www.haskell.org/ghc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Helium: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.uu.nl/wiki/bin/view/Helium/WebHome">http://www.cs.uu.nl/wiki/bin/view/Helium/WebHome</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Hugs: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.haskell.org/hugs/">http://www.haskell.org/hugs/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  nhc98: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.haskell.org/nhc98/">http://www.haskell.org/nhc98/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261775488" name="idm45779261775488"></a>HLA (High
            Level Assembly)
          </h4>
          <p>
            The <span class="application">HLA</span> language was developed
            as a tool to help teach assembly language programming and machine
            organization to University students at the University of
            California, Riverside. The basic idea was to teach students
            assembly language programming by leveraging their knowledge of
            high level languages like C/C++ and Pascal/Delphi. At the same
            time, <span class="application">HLA</span> was designed to allow
            advanced assembly language programmers write more readable and
            more powerful assembly language code.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.plantation-productions.com/Webster/HighLevelAsm/index.html">
                  http://www.plantation-productions.com/Webster/HighLevelAsm/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.plantation-productions.com/Webster/HighLevelAsm/dnld.html">
                  http://www.plantation-productions.com/Webster/HighLevelAsm/dnld.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261768944" name="idm45779261768944"></a>Icon
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Icon</span> is a high-level,
            general-purpose programming language with a large repertoire of
            features for processing data structures and character strings. It
            is an imperative, procedural language with a syntax reminiscent
            of C and Pascal, but with semantics at a much higher level.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/">http://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp.cs.arizona.edu/icon/">ftp://ftp.cs.arizona.edu/icon/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261763536" name="idm45779261763536"></a>Io
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Io</span> is a small, prototype-based
            programming language. The ideas in <span class=
            "application">Io</span> are mostly inspired by <span class=
            "application">Smalltalk</span> (all values are objects),
            <span class="application">Self</span> (prototype-based),
            <span class="application">NewtonScript</span> (differential
            inheritance), <span class="application">Act1</span> (actors and
            futures for concurrency), <span class="application">LISP</span>
            (code is a runtime inspectable/modifiable tree) and <span class=
            "application">Lua</span> (small, embeddable).
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://iolanguage.org">http://iolanguage.org</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://iobin.suspended-chord.info/">http://iobin.suspended-chord.info/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261753312" name="idm45779261753312"></a>J
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">J</span> is a modern, high-level,
            general-purpose, high-performance programming language. It is
            portable and runs on Windows, Unix, Mac, and PocketPC handhelds,
            both as a GUI and in a console. True 64-bit <span class=
            "application">J</span> systems are available for XP64 or Linux64,
            on AMD64 or Intel EM64T platforms. <span class=
            "application">J</span> systems can be installed and distributed
            for free.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.jsoftware.com/">http://www.jsoftware.com/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.jsoftware.com/stable.htm">http://www.jsoftware.com/stable.htm</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261746496" name="idm45779261746496"></a>Jamaica
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Jamaica</span>, the JVM Macro
            Assembler, is an easy-to-learn and easy-to-use assembly language
            for JVM bytecode programming. It uses Java syntax to define a JVM
            class except for the method body that takes bytecode
            instructions, including <span class=
            "application">Jamaica</span>'s built-in macros. In <span class=
            "application">Jamaica</span>, bytecode instructions use mnemonics
            and symbolic names for all variables, parameters, data fields,
            constants and labels.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://judoscript.org/jamaica.html">http://judoscript.org/jamaica.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://judoscript.org/download.html">http://judoscript.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261739552" name="idm45779261739552"></a>Joy
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Joy</span> is a purely functional
            programming language. Whereas all other functional programming
            languages are based on the application of functions to arguments,
            <span class="application">Joy</span> is based on the composition
            of functions. All such functions take a stack as an argument and
            produce a stack as a value. Consequently much of <span class=
            "application">Joy</span> looks like ordinary postfix notation.
            However, in <span class="application">Joy</span> a function can
            consume any number of parameters from the stack and leave any
            number of results on the stack. The concatenation of appropriate
            programs denotes the composition of the functions which the
            programs denote.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.latrobe.edu.au/humanities/research/research-projects/past-projects/joy-programming-language">
                  http://www.latrobe.edu.au/humanities/research/research-projects/past-projects/joy-programming-language</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261732960" name="idm45779261732960"></a>Judo
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Judo</span> is a practical, functional
            scripting language. It is designed to cover the use cases of not
            only algorithmic/object-oriented/multi-threaded programming and
            Java scripting but also a number of major application domain
            tasks, such as scripting for JDBC, WSDL, ActiveX, OS, multiple
            file/data formats, etc. Despite its rich functionality, the base
            language is extremely simple, and domain support syntax is
            totally intuitive to domain experts, so that even though you have
            never programmed in <span class="application">Judo</span>, you
            would have little trouble figuring out what the code does.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://judoscript.org/judo.html">http://judoscript.org/judo.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://judoscript.org/download.html">http://judoscript.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261726544" name="idm45779261726544"></a>JWIG
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">JWIG</span> is a Java-based high-level
            programming language for development of interactive Web services.
            It contains an advanced session model, a flexible mechanism for
            dynamic construction of XML documents, in particular XHTML, and a
            powerful API for simplifying use of the HTTP protocol and many
            other aspects of Web service programming. To support program
            development, <span class="application">JWIG</span> provides a
            unique suite of highly specialized program analysers that at
            compile time verify for a given program that no runtime errors
            can occur while building documents or receiving form input, and
            that all documents being shown are valid according to the
            document type definition for XHTML 1.0. The main goal of the
            <span class="application">JWIG</span> project is to simplify
            development of complex Web services, compared to alternatives,
            such as, Servlets, JSP, ASP, and PHP. <span class=
            "application">JWIG</span> is a descendant of the <span class=
            "application">&lt;bigwig&gt;</span> research language.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.brics.dk/JWIG/">http://www.brics.dk/JWIG/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.brics.dk/JWIG/download.html">http://www.brics.dk/JWIG/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261717664" name="idm45779261717664"></a>Lava
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Lava</span> is a name unfortunately
            chosen for several unrelated software development
            languages/projects. So it doesn't appear as though BLFS has a
            preference for one over another, the project web sites are listed
            below, without descriptions of the capabilities or features for
            any of them.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://lavape.sourceforge.net/index.htm">http://lavape.sourceforge.net/index.htm</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://mathias.tripod.com/IavaHomepage.html">http://mathias.tripod.com/IavaHomepage.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261711728" name="idm45779261711728"></a>Mercury
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Mercury</span> is a new
            logic/functional programming language, which combines the clarity
            and expressiveness of declarative programming with advanced
            static analysis and error detection features. Its highly
            optimized execution algorithm delivers efficiency far in excess
            of existing logic programming systems, and close to conventional
            programming systems. <span class="application">Mercury</span>
            addresses the problems of large-scale program development,
            allowing modularity, separate compilation, and numerous
            optimization/time trade-offs.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://mercurylang.org/">http://mercurylang.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://mercurylang.org/download.html">http://mercurylang.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261705392" name="idm45779261705392"></a>Mono
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Mono</span> provides the necessary
            software to develop and run .NET client and server applications
            on Linux, Solaris, Mac OS X, Windows, and Unix. Sponsored by
            Novell, the <span class="application">Mono</span> open source
            project has an active and enthusiastic contributing community and
            is positioned to become the leading choice for development of
            Linux applications.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page">http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://ftp.novell.com/pub/mono/archive/">http://ftp.novell.com/pub/mono/archive/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261699216" name="idm45779261699216"></a>MPD
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">MPD</span> is a variant of the
            <span class="application">SR</span> programming language.
            <span class="application">SR</span> has a Pascal-like syntax and
            uses guarded commands for control statements. <span class=
            "application">MPD</span> has a C-like syntax and C-like control
            statements. However, the main components of the two languages are
            the same: resources, globals, operations, procs, procedures,
            processes, and virtual machines. Moreover, <span class=
            "application">MPD</span> supports the same variety of concurrent
            programming mechanisms as <span class="application">SR</span>: co
            statements, semaphores, call/send/forward invocations, and
            receive and input statements.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.arizona.edu/mpd/">http://www.cs.arizona.edu/mpd/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.arizona.edu/mpd/download/">http://www.cs.arizona.edu/mpd/download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261690128" name="idm45779261690128"></a>Nemerle
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Nemerle</span> is a high-level
            statically-typed programming language for the .NET platform. It
            offers functional, object-oriented and imperative features. It
            has a simple C#-like syntax and a powerful meta-programming
            system. Features that come from the functional land are variants,
            pattern matching, type inference and parameter polymorphism (aka
            generics). The meta-programming system allows great compiler
            extensibility, embedding domain specific languages, partial
            evaluation and aspect-oriented programming.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://nemerle.org/About">http://nemerle.org/About</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://nemerle.org/Downloads">http://nemerle.org/Downloads</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261684464" name="idm45779261684464"></a>Octave
          </h4>
          <p>
            GNU <span class="application">Octave</span> is a high-level
            language, primarily intended for numerical computations. It
            provides a convenient command line interface for solving linear
            and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other
            numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible
            with Matlab. It may also be used as a batch-oriented language.
            <span class="application">Octave</span> has extensive tools for
            solving common numerical linear algebra problems, finding the
            roots of nonlinear equations, integrating ordinary functions,
            manipulating polynomials, and integrating ordinary differential
            and differential-algebraic equations. It is easily extensible and
            customizable via user-defined functions written in <span class=
            "application">Octave</span>'s own language, or using dynamically
            loaded modules written in C++, C, Fortran, or other languages.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/">http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/download.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261676912" name="idm45779261676912"></a>OO2C
            (Optimizing Oberon-2 Compiler)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">OO2C</span> is an Oberon-2 development
            platform. It consists of an optimizing compiler, a number of
            related tools, a set of standard library modules and a reference
            manual. Oberon-2 is a general-purpose programming language in the
            tradition of Pascal and Modula-2. Its most important features are
            block structure, modularity, separate compilation, static typing
            with strong type checking (also across module boundaries) and
            type extension with type-bound procedures. Type extension makes
            Oberon-2 an object-oriented language.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/ooc/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/ooc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ooc/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ooc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261670656" name="idm45779261670656"></a>Ordered
            Graph Data Language (OGDL)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">OGDL</span> is a structured textual
            format that represents information in the form of graphs, where
            the nodes are strings and the arcs or edges are spaces or
            indentation.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://ogdl.sourceforge.net/">http://ogdl.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ogdl/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ogdl/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261665344" name="idm45779261665344"></a>Pike
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Pike</span> is a dynamic programming
            language with a syntax similar to Java and C. It is simple to
            learn, does not require long compilation passes and has powerful
            built-in data types allowing simple and really fast data
            manipulation. Pike is released under the GNU GPL, GNU LGPL and
            MPL.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://pike.ida.liu.se/">http://pike.ida.liu.se/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://pike.ida.liu.se/download/pub/pike">http://pike.ida.liu.se/download/pub/pike</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261659760" name="idm45779261659760"></a>Pyrex
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Pyrex</span> is a language specially
            designed for writing Python extension modules. It's designed to
            bridge the gap between the nice, high-level, easy-to-use world of
            <span class="application">Python</span> and the messy, low-level
            world of C. <span class="application">Pyrex</span> lets you write
            code that mixes <span class="application">Python</span> and C
            data types any way you want, and compiles it into a C extension
            for <span class="application">Python</span>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/">
                  http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261651680" name="idm45779261651680"></a>Q
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Q</span> is a functional programming
            language based on term rewriting. Thus, a <span class=
            "application">Q</span> program or <span class=
            "quote">&ldquo;<span class="quote">script</span>&rdquo;</span> is
            simply a collection of equations which are used to evaluate
            expressions in a symbolic fashion. The equations establish
            algebraic identities and are interpreted as rewriting rules in
            order to reduce expressions to <span class=
            "quote">&ldquo;<span class="quote">normal
            forms</span>&rdquo;</span>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://q-lang.sourceforge.net/">http://q-lang.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/q-lang/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/q-lang/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261644704" name="idm45779261644704"></a>R
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">R</span> is a language and environment
            for statistical computing and graphics. It is a GNU project
            similar to the <span class="application">S</span> language and
            environment which was developed at Bell Laboratories (formerly
            AT&amp;T, now Lucent Technologies) by John Chambers and
            colleagues. <span class="application">R</span> can be considered
            as a different implementation of <span class=
            "application">S</span>. There are some important differences, but
            much code written for <span class="application">S</span> runs
            unaltered under <span class="application">R</span>. <span class=
            "application">R</span> provides a wide variety of statistical
            (linear and nonlinear modelling, classical statistical tests,
            time-series analysis, classification, clustering, ...) and
            graphical techniques, and is highly extensible. The <span class=
            "application">S</span> language is often the vehicle of choice
            for research in statistical methodology, and <span class=
            "application">R</span> provides an Open Source route to
            participation in that activity.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.r-project.org/">http://www.r-project.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://cran.r-project.org/mirrors.html">http://cran.r-project.org/mirrors.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261633376" name="idm45779261633376"></a>Regina
            Rexx
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Regina</span> is a Rexx interpreter
            that has been ported to most Unix platforms (Linux, FreeBSD,
            Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, etc.) and also to OS/2, eCS, DOS,
            Win9x/Me/NT/2k/XP, Amiga, AROS, QNX4.x, QNX6.x BeOS, MacOS X,
            EPOC32, AtheOS, OpenVMS, SkyOS and OpenEdition. Rexx is a
            programming language that was designed to be easy to use for
            inexperienced programmers yet powerful enough for experienced
            users. It is also a language ideally suited as a macro language
            for other applications.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://regina-rexx.sourceforge.net/">http://regina-rexx.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/regina-rexx">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/regina-rexx</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261627728" name="idm45779261627728"></a>Small
            Device C Compiler (SDCC)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">SDCC</span> is a Freeware,
            retargetable, optimizing ANSI-C compiler that targets the Intel
            8051, Maxim 80DS390 and the Zilog Z80 based MCUs. Work is in
            progress on supporting the Motorola 68HC08 as well as Microchip
            PIC16 and PIC18 series. The entire source code for the compiler
            is distributed under GPL.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/">http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/snap.php#Source">http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/snap.php#Source</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261622256" name=
            "idm45779261622256"></a>SmartEiffel (The GNU Eiffel Compiler)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">SmartEiffel</span> claims to be
            <span class="quote">&ldquo;<span class="quote">the fastest and
            the slimmest multi-platform Eiffel compiler on
            Earth</span>&rdquo;</span>. Eiffel is an object-oriented
            programming language which emphasizes the production of robust
            software. Its syntax is keyword-oriented in the ALGOL and Pascal
            tradition. Eiffel is strongly statically typed, with automatic
            memory management (typically implemented by garbage collection).
            Distinguishing characteristics of Eiffel include Design by
            contract (DbC), liberal use of inheritance including multiple
            inheritance, a type system handling both value and reference
            semantics, and generic classes. Eiffel has a unified type
            system&mdash;all types in Eiffel are classes, so it is possible
            to create subclasses of the basic classes such as INTEGER. Eiffel
            has operator overloading, including the ability to define new
            operators, but does not have method overloading.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://smarteiffel.loria.fr/">http://smarteiffel.loria.fr/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://gforge.inria.fr/frs/?group_id=184">https://gforge.inria.fr/frs/?group_id=184</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261614928" name="idm45779261614928"></a>Squeak
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Squeak</span> is an open,
            highly-portable Smalltalk implementation whose virtual machine is
            written entirely in Smalltalk, making it easy to debug, analyze,
            and change. To achieve practical performance, a translator
            produces an equivalent C program whose performance is comparable
            to commercial Smalltalks. Other noteworthy aspects of
            <span class="application">Squeak</span> include: real-time sound
            and music synthesis written entirely in Smalltalk, extensions of
            BitBlt to handle color of any depth and anti-aliased image
            rotation and scaling, network access support that allows simple
            construction of servers and other useful facilities, it runs
            bit-identical on many platforms (Windows, Mac, Unix, and others),
            a compact object format that typically requires only a single
            word of overhead per object and a simple yet efficient
            incremental garbage collector for 32-bit direct pointers
            efficient bulk-mutation of objects.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.squeak.org/">http://www.squeak.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.squeak.org/Download/">http://www.squeak.org/Download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261608160" name="idm45779261608160"></a>SR
            (Synchronizing Resources)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">SR</span> is a language for writing
            concurrent programs. The main language constructs are resources
            and operations. Resources encapsulate processes and variables
            they share; operations provide the primary mechanism for process
            interaction. <span class="application">SR</span> provides a novel
            integration of the mechanisms for invoking and servicing
            operations. Consequently, all of local and remote procedure call,
            rendezvous, message passing, dynamic process creation, multicast,
            and semaphores are supported. <span class="application">SR</span>
            also supports shared global variables and operations.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.arizona.edu/sr/index.html">http://www.cs.arizona.edu/sr/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "ftp://ftp.cs.arizona.edu/sr/">ftp://ftp.cs.arizona.edu/sr/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261601136" name="idm45779261601136"></a>Standard
            ML
          </h4>
          <p>
            Standard ML is a safe, modular, strict, functional, polymorphic
            programming language with compile-time type checking and type
            inference, garbage collection, exception handling, immutable data
            types and updatable references, abstract data types, and
            parametric modules. It has efficient implementations and a formal
            definition with a proof of soundness. There are many
            implementations of Standard ML, among them:
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  ML Kit: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.it-c.dk/research/mlkit/">http://www.it-c.dk/research/mlkit/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  MLton: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://mlton.org/">http://mlton.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Poly/ML: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.polyml.org/">http://www.polyml.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Standard ML of New Jersey: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.smlnj.org/">http://www.smlnj.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261593728" name="idm45779261593728"></a>Steel Bank
            Common Lisp (SBCL)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">SBCL</span> is an open source (free
            software) compiler and runtime system for ANSI Common Lisp. It
            provides an interactive environment including an integrated
            native compiler, a debugger, and many extensions. <span class=
            "application">SBCL</span> runs on a number of platforms.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.sbcl.org/">http://www.sbcl.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/sbcl/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/sbcl/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261587648" name="idm45779261587648"></a>Tiny C
            Compiler (TCC)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Tiny C Compiler</span> is a small C
            compiler that can be used to compile and execute C code
            everywhere, for example on rescue disks (about 100KB for x86 TCC
            executable, including C preprocessor, C compiler, assembler and
            linker). <span class="application">TCC</span> is fast. It
            generates optimized x86 code, has no byte code overhead and
            compiles, assembles and links several times faster than
            <span class="application">GCC</span>. <span class=
            "application">TCC</span> is versatile, any C dynamic library can
            be used directly. It is heading toward full ISOC99 compliance and
            can compile itself. The compiler is safe as it includes an
            optional memory and bound checker. Bound checked code can be
            mixed freely with standard code. <span class=
            "application">TCC</span> compiles and executes C source directly.
            No linking or assembly necessary. A full C preprocessor and
            GNU-like assembler is included. It is C script supported; just
            add <span class="quote">&ldquo;<span class=
            "quote">#!/usr/local/bin/tcc -run</span>&rdquo;</span> on the
            first line of your C source, and execute it directly from the
            command line. With libtcc, you can use <span class=
            "application">TCC</span> as a backend for dynamic code
            generation.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://bellard.org/tcc/">http://bellard.org/tcc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases-noredirect/tinycc/">
                  http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases-noredirect/tinycc/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261577600" name="idm45779261577600"></a>TinyCOBOL
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">TinyCOBOL</span> is a COBOL compiler
            being developed by members of the free software community. The
            mission is to produce a COBOL compiler based on the COBOL 85
            standards. <span class="application">TinyCOBOL</span> is
            available for the Intel architecture (IA32) and compatible
            processors on the following platforms: BeOS, FreeBSD, Linux and
            MinGW on Windows.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/tiny-cobol/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/tiny-cobol/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/tiny-cobol/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/tiny-cobol/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261571408" name="idm45779261571408"></a>Yorick
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Yorick</span> is an interpreted
            programming language, designed for postprocessing or steering
            large scientific simulation codes. Smaller scientific simulations
            or calculations, such as the flow past an airfoil or the motion
            of a drumhead, can be written as standalone yorick programs. The
            language features a compact syntax for many common array
            operations, so it processes large arrays of numbers very
            efficiently. Unlike most interpreters, which are several hundred
            times slower than compiled code for number crunching,
            <span class="application">Yorick</span> can approach to within a
            factor of four or five of compiled speed for many common tasks.
            Superficially, <span class="application">Yorick</span> code
            resembles C code, but <span class="application">Yorick</span>
            variables are never explicitly declared and have a dynamic
            scoping similar to many Lisp dialects. The <span class=
            "quote">&ldquo;<span class=
            "quote">unofficial</span>&rdquo;</span> home page for
            <span class="application">Yorick</span> can be found at <a class=
            "ulink" href=
            "http://www.maumae.net/yorick">http://www.maumae.net/yorick</a>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://yorick.sourceforge.net/index.php">http://yorick.sourceforge.net/index.php</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/yorick/files/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/yorick/files/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261561632" name="idm45779261561632"></a>ZPL
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ZPL</span> is an array programming
            language designed from first principles for fast execution on
            both sequential and parallel computers. It provides a convenient
            high-level programming medium for supercomputers and large-scale
            clusters with efficiency comparable to hand-coded message
            passing. It is the perfect alternative to using a sequential
            language like C or Fortran and a message passing library like
            MPI.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/zpl/home/index.html">
                  http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/zpl/home/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/zpl/download/download.html">
                  http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/zpl/download/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
        <h2 class="sect2">
          Programming Libraries and Bindings
        </h2>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261555216" name="idm45779261555216"></a>Byte Code
            Engineering Library (BCEL)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">BECL</span> is intended to give users a
            convenient possibility to analyze, create, and manipulate
            (binary) Java class files (those ending with <code class=
            "filename">.class</code>). Classes are represented by objects
            which contain all the symbolic information of the given class:
            methods, fields and byte code instructions, in particular. Such
            objects can be read from an existing file, be transformed by a
            program (e.g., a class loader at run-time) and dumped to a file
            again. An even more interesting application is the creation of
            classes from scratch at run-time. The Byte Code Engineering
            Library may be also useful if you want to learn about the Java
            Virtual Machine (JVM) and the format of Java <code class=
            "filename">.class</code> files. <span class=
            "application">BCEL</span> is already being used successfully in
            several projects such as compilers, optimizers, obfuscators, code
            generators and analysis tools.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://jakarta.apache.org/bcel/index.html">http://jakarta.apache.org/bcel/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://archive.apache.org/dist/jakarta/bcel/">http://archive.apache.org/dist/jakarta/bcel/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261545952" name="idm45779261545952"></a>Choco
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Choco</span> is a Java library for
            constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), constraint programming
            (CP) and explanation-based constraint solving (e-CP). It is built
            on a event-based propagation mechanism with backtrackable
            structures.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/choco/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/choco/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://choco.sourceforge.net/download.html">http://choco.sourceforge.net/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261540576" name="idm45779261540576"></a>GOB
            (GObject Builder)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">GOB</span> (<span class=
            "application">GOB2</span> anyway) is a preprocessor for making
            GObjects with inline C code so that generated files are not
            edited. Syntax is inspired by <span class=
            "application">Java</span> and <span class=
            "application">Yacc</span> or <span class=
            "application">Lex</span>. The implementation is intentionally
            kept simple, and no C actual code parsing is done.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.5z.com/jirka/gob.html">http://www.5z.com/jirka/gob.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://ftp.5z.com/pub/gob/">http://ftp.5z.com/pub/gob/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261532352" name="idm45779261532352"></a>GTK+/GNOME
            Language Bindings (wrappers)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">GTK+</span>/<span class=
            "application">GNOME</span> language bindings allow <span class=
            "application">GTK+</span> to be used from other programming
            languages, in the style of those languages.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gtk.org/language-bindings.php">http://www.gtk.org/language-bindings.php</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
          <div class="sect4">
            <div class="titlepage">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <h5 class="title">
                    <a id="idm45779261527040" name=
                    "idm45779261527040"></a>Java-GNOME
                  </h5>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p>
              <span class="application">Java-GNOME</span> is a set of Java
              bindings for the <span class="application">GNOME</span> and
              <span class="application">GTK+</span> libraries that allow
              <span class="application">GNOME</span> and <span class=
              "application">GTK+</span> applications to be written in Java.
              The <span class="application">Java-GNOME</span> API has been
              carefully designed to be easy to use, maintaining a good OO
              paradigm, yet still wrapping the entire functionality of the
              underlying libraries. <span class=
              "application">Java-GNOME</span> can be used with the
              <span class="application">Eclipse</span> development
              environment and Glade user interface designer to create
              applications with ease.
            </p>
            <div class="itemizedlist">
              <ul class="compact">
                <li class="listitem">
                  <p>
                    Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                    "http://java-gnome.sourceforge.net/4.0/">http://java-gnome.sourceforge.net/4.0/</a>
                  </p>
                </li>
                <li class="listitem">
                  <p>
                    Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                    "http://java-gnome.sourceforge.net/4.0/get/">http://java-gnome.sourceforge.net/4.0/get/</a>
                  </p>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="sect4">
            <div class="titlepage">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <h5 class="title">
                    <a id="idm45779261516496" name=
                    "idm45779261516496"></a>gtk2-perl
                  </h5>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p>
              <span class="application">gtk2-perl</span> is the collective
              name for a set of Perl bindings for <span class=
              "application">GTK+</span> 2.x and various related libraries.
              These modules make it easy to write <span class=
              "application">GTK</span> and <span class=
              "application">GNOME</span> applications using a natural,
              Perlish, object-oriented syntax.
            </p>
            <div class="itemizedlist">
              <ul class="compact">
                <li class="listitem">
                  <p>
                    Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                    "http://gtk2-perl.sourceforge.net/">http://gtk2-perl.sourceforge.net/</a>
                  </p>
                </li>
                <li class="listitem">
                  <p>
                    Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                    "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/gtk2-perl">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/gtk2-perl</a>
                  </p>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261508912" name="idm45779261508912"></a>KDE
            Language Bindings
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">KDE</span> and most <span class=
            "application">KDE</span> applications are implemented using the
            C++ programming language, however there are number of bindings to
            other languages are available. These include scripting languages
            like <span class="application">Perl</span>, <span class=
            "application">Python</span> and <span class=
            "application">Ruby</span>, and systems programming languages such
            as Java and C#.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Languages">http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Languages</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261501968" name="idm45779261501968"></a>Numerical
            Python (Numpy)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Numerical Python</span> adds a fast
            array facility to the <span class="application">Python</span>
            language.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://numeric.scipy.org/">http://numeric.scipy.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/numpy/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/numpy/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261496048" name="idm45779261496048"></a>Perl
            Scripts and Additional Modules
          </h4>
          <p>
            There are many <span class="application">Perl</span> scripts and
            additional modules located on the Comprehensive Perl Archive
            Network (CPAN) web site. Here you will find <span class=
            "quote">&ldquo;<span class="quote">All Things
            Perl</span>&rdquo;</span>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://cpan.org/">http://cpan.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
        <h2 class="sect2">
          Integrated Development Environments
        </h2>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261490448" name="idm45779261490448"></a>A-A-P
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">A-A-P</span> makes it easy to locate,
            download, build and install software. It also supports browsing
            source code, developing programs, managing different versions and
            distribution of software and documentation. This means that
            <span class="application">A-A-P</span> is useful both for users
            and for developers.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.a-a-p.org/index.html">http://www.a-a-p.org/index.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.a-a-p.org/download.html">http://www.a-a-p.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261482432" name="idm45779261482432"></a>Anjuta
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Anujuta</span> is a versatile
            Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C and C++ on
            GNU/Linux. It has been written for <span class=
            "application">GTK</span>/GNOME and features a number of advanced
            programming facilities. These include project management,
            application wizards, an on-board interactive debugger, and a
            powerful source editor with source browsing and syntax
            highlighting.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://projects.gnome.org/anjuta/index.shtml">http://projects.gnome.org/anjuta/index.shtml</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://projects.gnome.org/anjuta/downloads.html">http://projects.gnome.org/anjuta/downloads.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261476240" name="idm45779261476240"></a>Eclipse
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Eclipse</span> is an open source
            community whose projects are focused on providing an extensible
            development platform and application frameworks for building
            software. <span class="application">Eclipse</span> contains many
            projects, including an Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
            for Java.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.eclipse.org/">http://www.eclipse.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/">http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261470160" name="idm45779261470160"></a>Mozart
          </h4>
          <p>
            The <span class="application">Mozart</span> Programming System is
            an advanced development platform for intelligent, distributed
            applications. <span class="application">Mozart</span> is based on
            the Oz language, which supports declarative programming,
            object-oriented programming, constraint programming, and
            concurrency as part of a coherent whole. For distribution,
            <span class="application">Mozart</span> provides a true network
            transparent implementation with support for network awareness,
            openness, and fault tolerance. Security is upcoming. It is an
            ideal platform for both general-purpose distributed applications
            as well as for hard problems requiring sophisticated optimization
            and inferencing abilities.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://mozart.github.io/">http://mozart.github.io/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://github.com/mozart/mozart2#downloads">https://github.com/mozart/mozart2#downloads</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
        <h2 class="sect2">
          Other Development Tools
        </h2>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261462000" name="idm45779261462000"></a>cachecc1
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">cachecc1</span> is a <span class=
            "application">GCC</span> cache. It can be compared with the well
            known <span class="application">ccache</span> package. It has
            some unique features including the use of an LD_PRELOADed shared
            object to catch invocations to <span class=
            "command"><strong>cc1</strong></span>, <span class=
            "command"><strong>cc1plus</strong></span> and <span class=
            "command"><strong>as</strong></span>, it transparently supports
            all build methods, it can cache <span class=
            "application">GCC</span> bootstraps and it can be combined with
            <span class="application">distcc</span> to transparently
            distribute compilations.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://cachecc1.sourceforge.net/">http://cachecc1.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/cachecc1">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/cachecc1</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261451616" name="idm45779261451616"></a>ccache
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ccache</span> is a compiler cache. It
            acts as a caching pre-processor to C/C++ compilers, using the
            <code class="option">-E</code> compiler switch and a hash to
            detect when a compilation can be satisfied from cache. This often
            results in 5 to 10 times faster speeds in common compilations.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://ccache.samba.org/">http://ccache.samba.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://samba.org/ftp/ccache/">http://samba.org/ftp/ccache/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261445824" name="idm45779261445824"></a>DDD (GNU
            Data Display Debugger)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">GNU DDD</span> is a graphical front-end
            for command-line debuggers such as <span class=
            "application">GDB</span>, <span class="application">DBX</span>,
            <span class="application">WDB</span>, <span class=
            "application">Ladebug</span>, <span class=
            "application">JDB</span>, <span class="application">XDB</span>,
            the <span class="application">Perl</span> debugger, the
            <span class="application">Bash</span> debugger, or the
            <span class="application">Python</span> debugger. Besides
            <span class="quote">&ldquo;<span class=
            "quote">usual</span>&rdquo;</span> front-end features such as
            viewing source texts, <span class="application">DDD</span> has an
            interactive graphical data display, where data structures are
            displayed as graphs..
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://www.gnu.org/software/ddd/">http://www.gnu.org/software/ddd/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ddd/">https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ddd/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261432944" name="idm45779261432944"></a>distcc
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">distcc</span> is a program to
            distribute builds of C, C++, Objective C or Objective C++ code
            across several machines on a network. <span class=
            "application">distcc</span> should always generate the same
            results as a local build, is simple to install and use, and is
            usually much faster than a local compile. <span class=
            "application">distcc</span> does not require all machines to
            share a filesystem, have synchronized clocks, or to have the same
            libraries or header files installed. They can even have different
            processors or operating systems, if cross-compilers are
            installed.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://distcc.samba.org/">http://distcc.samba.org/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://distcc.samba.org/download.html">http://distcc.samba.org/download.html</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261425872" name="idm45779261425872"></a>Exuberant
            Ctags
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">Exuberant Ctags</span> generates an
            index (or tag) file of language objects found in source files
            that allows these items to be quickly and easily located by a
            text editor or other utility. A tag signifies a language object
            for which an index entry is available (or, alternatively, the
            index entry created for that object). Tag generation is supported
            for the following languages: Assembler, AWK, ASP, BETA,
            Bourne/Korn/Zsh Shell, C, C++, COBOL, Eiffel, Fortran, Java,
            Lisp, Lua, Make, Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, REXX, Ruby, S-Lang,
            Scheme, Tcl, Vim, and YACC. A list of editors and tools utilizing
            tag files may be found at <a class="ulink" href=
            "http://ctags.sourceforge.net/tools.html">http://ctags.sourceforge.net/tools.html</a>.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://ctags.sourceforge.net/">http://ctags.sourceforge.net/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ctags/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/ctags/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261419536" name="idm45779261419536"></a>gocache
            (GNU Object Cache)
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">ccache</span> is a clone of
            <span class="application">ccache</span>, with the goal of
            supporting compilers other than <span class=
            "application">GCC</span> and adding additional features. Embedded
            compilers will especially be in focus.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/gocache/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/gocache/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/gocache/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/gocache/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261412832" name="idm45779261412832"></a>OProfile
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">OProfile</span> is a system-wide
            profiler for Linux systems, capable of profiling all running code
            at low overhead. <span class="application">OProfile</span> is
            released under the GNU GPL. It consists of a kernel driver and a
            daemon for collecting sample data, and several post-profiling
            tools for turning data into information. <span class=
            "application">OProfile</span> leverages the hardware performance
            counters of the CPU to enable profiling of a wide variety of
            interesting statistics, which can also be used for basic
            time-spent profiling. All code is profiled: hardware and software
            interrupt handlers, kernel modules, the kernel, shared libraries,
            and applications. <span class="application">OProfile</span> is
            currently in alpha status; however it has proven stable over a
            large number of differing configurations. It is being used on
            machines ranging from laptops to 16-way NUMA-Q boxes.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://oprofile.sourceforge.net/news/">http://oprofile.sourceforge.net/news/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://oprofile.sourceforge.net/download/">http://oprofile.sourceforge.net/download/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
          <h3 class="sect3"></h3>
          <h4 class="title">
            <a id="idm45779261404736" name="idm45779261404736"></a>strace
          </h4>
          <p>
            <span class="application">strace</span> is a system call tracer,
            i.e., a debugging tool which prints out a trace of all the system
            calls made by another process or program.
          </p>
          <div class="itemizedlist">
            <ul class="compact">
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Project Home Page: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "http://sourceforge.net/projects/strace/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/strace/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
              <li class="listitem">
                <p>
                  Download Location: <a class="ulink" href=
                  "https://downloads.sourceforge.net/strace/">https://downloads.sourceforge.net/strace/</a>
                </p>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <p class="updated">
        Last updated on 2017-08-15 11:49:48 -0700
      </p>
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